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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



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Physical Culture and Muscular Development. 



Before you go elsewhere bare in mind that I am the first person 
who made and patented an Exercising Machine where the weights 
were guided by rods or wires. I sell them just as cheap and believe 
rny make to be better than others, (who have altered the machine 
in various ways to avoid the exact pattern) which the references on 
back cover go to prove. 

Respectfully, 



A 



Prof. J. E. JUDB? 

101, 103 & 105 West 36th St., New York. 



This cut shows the improved double pulley machine 
which I believe is far superior to any other for its 
purpose having the friction lever at the lower end, 
the weights can be pulled alternately as shown in 
cut or both together by using a wiffletree as in my 
other machines. 

The upper and lower parts of this machine will be 
screwed on to ooards neatly finished, the upper- 
pulleys to be put up so that the rods fit into both 
sockets and the lower sockets for rods are plumb 
with upper holes. 




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mi m '§mmmt' 

FOR 

umbia Parlor Exercising and 
Rowing Machine. 

Exhibition of 1880. 



After thirty years experience in the science of Physical 
Culture I am of the opinion that there is no single apparatus 
heretofore invented where there can be obtained so great a 
'' variety of movements and diversity of action as from the 

Columbia Parlor Exercising: and Rowing: Machine. 

The numerous encouraging and complimentary endorse- 
ments of this apparatus which have been received from promi- 
nent Physicians and professional Athletes throughout the 
country, are a guarantee of its practicability, and attest its good 
qualities and ingenious construction ; it is readily adapted to 
the use of the young or old, weak or strong, and easily adjusted 
1*^ to suit the strength of the operator. 

Prof. J. R. JUDD, Inventor. 



;'» 



N. B. — Special attention given to Contracted Limbs« 
Paralysis. Hip and Spinal Affections, where 
exercise is required. 



Use my goods and method of treatment and you will live 
long, be healthy and strong and of an active disposition. 



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FIGURE 4. 

This machine [see cut] is a new devise, the beauty of which is that it will pull 
twice the amount of weight you put upon it, takes up less room and works much 
easier than other machines, it has a double wheel swivel pulley and the drop is 
just as rapid as in any other exerciser, with no complications, satisfaction assured. 

TO THE PUBLIC. 

Having been thirty years in the profession, during which time I have trained and brought out 
many of the best professional and amateur athletes and treated many of our leading citizens for com- 
plaints under the head of physical treatment, and in cases of paralysis, contracted limbs, and chtonic 
rheumatism, I have had to use different apparatus that require the deepest thought to arrange. I have 
also traveled extensively through England, Ireland, Canada and America, continually keeping 
posted on all exercising improvements. I find no apparatus on the market so useful, or equal 
in construction for durability, simplicity and compactness, or on which there can be so great a 
fkumber of beneficial exercises performed, as upon my Parlor Exercising Apparatus, 

5 • 




Fig. 5- 



FIGURE 5. 

Stand facing machine [see cut] pulling both hands, first into right 
side then into left side as shown in cut. May be done twenty times each 
way. When pulling into left side you develop muscle of right arm 
from palm of hand following therefrom down forearm to inner part of 
bleep to pectoral muscle and up left forearm and back part of upper 
arm to the trapezium. When pulling to right side the muscles taken 
are reversed on each arm. Heretofore I have quoted this as a sparring 
motion although it does not take in the exact muscles used in sparring, 
for you must turn sideways to strike an effective blow in sparring, and 
furthermore the muscles must be loose to strike properly, which 
condition can not be attained in this motion. 

HEALTH AND MUSCLE. 

HOW TO PROMOTE LONGEVITY. 



"The benefits of civilization extend to the body as well as to the mind. The long- 
evity of the human race has in enlightened lands, for several generations, been steadily 
advancing, and although the adaption of the discoveries and progress in science and 
art to the common purposes of human existence proves, in some instances, detrimental 
to health, and dangerous and even fatal to life, it tends on the whole to prolong and to 
improve their conditions. Much has been done of late years to remedy some of the 
perversions and evils of civilization, especially those from which men penned up in 

Continued on next page. 

6 




Fig. 6. 



FIGURE 6. 

Stand with back to machine (see cut), drop the arms down to their full extent, placing one 
foot before the other ; pull out and give back ; this also may be done with arms extended above 
the head andon line with the shoulders; with one arm upand theotherdown. In all these motions 
extend your arms as far as your strength will allow, standing in same position as shown in 
illustration. Muscles taken are from grip up forearm into Bicep and Deltoid, thence to Pec- 
toral or chest muscle across the body to back muscles of legs, which are the resisting muscles 
of the whole pression. 



Health and Muscle Continued. 
large towns and cities, and engaged in a sedentary or merely mind-taxing employment so fre- 
quently suffer. For their benefit gymnasiums have beenerected, athletic sports and exercises 
revived, clubs and associations formed with the view of encouraging manly games and 
promoting physical strength and dexterity. The movement has produced the most gratifying 
results both in conducing to the development of muscular force and manual skill and to the more 
general participation in healthful recreation and enjoyment. 

But there are many who have not the leisure or inclination to avail themselves of these 
popular advantages, who nevertheless need such physical exercise as is best calculated to keep 
the lungs sound, to expand the chest, promote digestion, restore and maintain the normal cir- 
culation of the blood throughoutthe body, to develop the muscles to their fullest size and power, 
and to give the whole muscular system an elastic, buoyant and healthful tone. 

To meet this want in a home the machinery must be very inclusive and yet exceedingly 
compact and simple. We have examined and assayed various contrivances designed for this 
purpose, but have found all of them either imperfect and insufficient, or too complex and space- 

Continued 0)1 next page. 

7 




F'g- 7- 



FIGURE 7. 

Take position facing machine [as cut], grasp handles with fingers toward 
you, then pull into the chin. This exercise develops Biceps principally, thence 
muscles over shoulders to back, to the front muscles of legs. 

Health and Muscle. — Continued. 
exacting, with the exception of Prof. Judd's Columbia Parlor Exercising and Rowing Machine, 
which fills all the requirements for physical exercises of the young and the old, male and female, 
sick and well, feeble and strong. We had frequently heard it commended before, but paid no 
heed to these incidental remarks in its favor until it was recommended to us by a doctor whose 
advice to us has always proved sound and beneficial, and in whose bedroom we found and tried 
the machine. As he affirmed that its daily use gave him a good appetite for breakfast and sound 
sleep at night, the writer had it put up in his own bedroom, an operation performed in a few 
minutes, and is happy to add that his experience proves that it merits all the praise bestowed 
upon it. Although it occupies little space and is hardly at all in the way, it is just as efficient 
for the improvement and maintenance of health and the development of strength as a 
fully equipped gymnasium. It is always at hand at the right moment for exercise, and will, to 
those who possess it, in many and indeed most instances annually repay its entire cost ($io) 
many times over in the saving it will effect in medicines and doctors' bills, besides the blessings 
it will confer in health, without which, pleasure is impossible and suffering inevitable. 

This parlor exercising machine can be tried at No. 103 West 36th Street, where Prof. Judd 
can be seen — himself a curiosity, for although he is not a large man, any one need but feel his 
pectoral, dorsal, deltoid, triceps, and biceps sinews, and the other extensors and flexors of his 
breast, arms and legs to be convinced that neither Diomedes, or .(Eneas, nor any other hero 

Continued on next page. 




Fig. S, 



FIGURE 8. 

Stand with right side to machine [as cut] grasping cross bar with 
hands, then pass hands to front of body pulling out and letting back 
weights. This motion takes the inner part of right arm up and into 
pectoral, and outer part of left arm leading to dorsal, trapezium, left 
loin and' resisting muscles of right leg. Do this motion about fifteen times 
with right side towards machine, the same motion with left side towards, 
pulling out as far as possible to the front of you. 

Health and Muscle. — Continued. 
celebrated by Homer or Virgil could show a finer muscular development. And we who 
have to wield the pen all day or pursue some similar occupation calling the brain rather 
than the sinews into play, can. by these simple means placed within easy reach, keep 
ourselves in health and grow equals in puissance to the muscular heathens of classic 
Greece and Rome of whom we read so much in our school days. 

It is a duly we owe ourselves and our Maker to give our physical as well as our mental 
constitution a fair chance for growth, health and improvement ; for as Thomson sings : 
"Ah ! what avail the largest gifts of Heaven, 

When drooping health and spirits go amiss? 
How tasteless then whatever can he given ! 

Health is the vital principle of bliss ; 
And exercise of health." —Insurance Times, N, Y. City. 

No person whose physique has been allowed to deteriorate from want of exercise can 
realize the intense bodily enjoyment a perfectly healthy man receives from the lusty 
inhalation of the air or state of quiet mental repose that results therefrom. There is. too, an 
indefinable charm in the self-reliance of conscious strength and courage of its possessor. 
Without it life is shorn of half what it is worth living for, as many persons become con- 

Continued on next page. 



FIGURE 9. 




Fig, 9- 



Take position as shown in cut. Tiiis motion is exercising muscles of 
lower arm, front part of forearm, biceps, front of deltoid into pectoral, of 
upper arm from hand down the under part of forearm to inner part of bicep 
thence to pectoral and the back part of legs, as they are resisting the whole 
pressure. 

Health and Muscle. — Concluded. 

vinced when they are too far gone to recuperate. In this view it becomes as desirable that 
the system of physical development shall be adopted by the old as well as the young; the girl, 
the boy, the woman as well as the man ; for health and strength are at the foundation of 
all goodness, morality and happiness. 

Exercise on the machine should be taken in the morning by both sexes in order to stretch 
the muscles after their long night's rest, and to stir the blood into the pace of circulation 
proper for the waking hours. The dress for exercise should be loose, in order that the 
muscles may have free play. 

Were mothers to enforce on their children a systematic course of gentle exercise with 
the view of aiding nature to accomplish her designs in perfecting the body, there would be 
fewer invalids struggling into manhood or womanhood. As it is, a vast majority of people 
bring up shadowy families without an idea of how they should live and act to secure 
perfect health, the full development of the physique and faculties, which under proper 
encouragement would be possible, and by right of human nature should be theirs. 



FIGURE 10. 




Take position as shown in cut, pull out well forward and let back, at the same 
time leaning back ; fifteen to twenty motions ar-e sufficient. This is a splendid 
exercise for any person as it raises the diaphram, and walls of the chest, extends all 
the muscles from the abdomen up, and the resisting muscles of the back of leg. You 
will perceive how the chest is elevated at A, the abdominal muscles are also taken, 
the inner fork of tricep, bleep and forearm. 



Columbia Parlor Exercising and Rowing Machine. 



Fig. lo. 



The American Institute Fair seems to cover every department of trade, manufacture and 
amusement known at the present day, and perhaps none of the exhibits attract greater notice than 
the Columbia Parlor Exercising and Rowing Machine. * » * They are so simple and so effective that 
they are being adopted by schools, colleges and gymnasiums throughout the world, while they are as 
practical for home use, as they can be hung up behind the door and take up but six inches space. * 
* * These Machines were invented and are manufactued by Professor J. R. Judd, of loi, 103 and 
105 West 36th Street, who has been well known for years among our upper circles as a professor of 
physical culture. — Com. Bulletin. 




Fig. II. 



FIGURE 11. 

Take position as shown in cut, facing machine with arms per- 
pendicular above head, bring down to horizontal position as in fig. 
This exercise takes the muscles down the back of arms to deltoid or 
back of shoulders, into the trapezium muscles or the muscles between 
the shoulders. 



A FK^/V BRIEF HINTS ON DIETING. 



To prescribe what is proper to eat it is necessary to know the condition of the 
body, and whether required to increase or decrease weight or to train for any 
athletic feat. Also to know the amount of labor performed, and whether mental 
or bodily. And if in or out doors, in city or country. And after studying a person's 
nature and needs, prescribe accordingly ; for either case it is necessary to refer 
back to what has been eaten or drank at two or three previous meals, also to know 
the present state of the stomach ; if bilious or eating heavily for several previous 
meals, it is proper to prescribe something light and in every case as near to a per- 
son's liking as possible, forbidding anything you feel confident would have 
the opposite effect to youi intentions. Of meat or butter, if any, only a small 
quantity should be allowed, and no rich substance, such as chocolate, soups, pork, 
pastry, or preserves, and a very little or no milk or sugar. If very bilious, use 
acidulous fruit and bread for a single meal without other food. 

Continued on next page. 



12 




Fig, 12. > 



FIGURE 12. 

Standing with side to machine and pulling with arm nearest to it as in fig. 12 The 

deltoid muscle or muscle on top of shoulder is developed by this exercise which 
should be done about ten times with each arm. 

Hints on Dieting. — Continued. 

To Reduce Weight. — Use as little liquid of any kind as possible, no rich substances as above 
stated, and only such vegetables in season that are green in color, (more effective eaten raw,) and 
plenty of them. Also fruit of an acidulous nature, and do everything as rapidly as possible, except 
eating. Plenty of walking exercise. 

To Increase Weight. — Act just the reverse you would to reduce the same. Eat and drink as 
much food as the stomach will properly digest, such as made dishes of meat, all kinds of vegetables, 
oatmeal, coffee, chocolate, plenty of milk, sagar, and soups ; also mild fruits, preserves, bananas, 
prunes, figs, and dates, to lightly aid digestion, and easily purge the bowels ; and be sure and take 
everything easy. If to keep at a medium weight, mix the two. 

Ik to Train for any Athletic Feat, regular habits, eat plenty of meat, steak and mutton, bread 
and no fat or rich substances of any kind, hard vegetables, such as peas, beans, etc., rice, wheaten grits 
oatmeal, etc., a few green vegetables, and a little fruit. Drink after eating, and as little liquids of 
any kind as possible, no spirits, and work energetically at the feat you are training for ; plenty of 
rubbing and bathing, keep the teeth very clean, and eight hours or more rest, retiring about 9 P. M. 

Bodily and Mental Labor. — More food is necessary for bodily labor than mental, such as meat 
of all kinds, and vegetables, potatoes, peas, beans, etc. For mental labor it should be food easy of 
digestion. Fruit, oatmeal, fish, and a small quanity of other food, and no oily or rich substance. 

For further particulars on these subjects, see. 

Prof. J. R. JUDD, loi, 103 & 105 West 36th Street. 
13 




Fig. 13- 



FIGURE 13. 

Cut shows a special forearm motion on pulley weight. Grasp handles and pull 
hands into wrists moving only the wrists, making the motion in every direction you 
can from twenty to forty times. 



HEALTH 



The question as to how we can cultivate and maintain a proper state of physical health is a prob- 
lem of the highest importance, not only to the present, but to the rising generation. It is one, 
however, that is not at all difficult of solution, providing certain conditions are considered and a 
regular system is adopted. In the first place it is necessary that the body should be kept in a perfect 
state of cleanliness ; secondly, to take care to eat and drink the right kind and proper quantities of 
food ; thirdly, to secure sufficient rest, so that we may thereby be more able to take sufficient exercise 
by which the body may be strengthened and made capable of undergoing fatigue ; fourthly, and above 
all, to attend to the functions of nature properly. 

All persons who are engaged in sedentary pursuits, or placed in such positions where they cannot 
exert their body, during their ordinary avocation, enough to cause good circulation and glow of heat, 
should strive to employ some other exercise sufficient to effect this desired result at least once a day, 
in order that a proper state of physical health may be attained. 

It can readily be perceived by perusing the following facts, that exercise causes good circulation 
of the blood, and brings into action every portion of the system, thereby causing perspriation by 
means of which the impurities are being continually passed off both internally and externally, 
internally through the natural organs and externally through the pores of the skin. The blood, if in 

Continued on next page. 



14 




Fig. 14- 



FIGURE 14. 

Stand with side to machine, with arm farthest away grasp handles 
and pull over head (as cut) then let weights back. 

This cut shows a motion where the dorsal muscle or muscle at th e 
back of armpit is brought directly into play with the muscles of the side 
passing over the opposite hip and outer leg muscles which are the resist- 
ing muscles while pulling. 

Health. — Continued. 
good condition, in its circulation replenishes a similar substance to that which is being 
continually used up by the action of the body, which it daily supplied with proper nutri- 
ment will go to make good flesh, add strength, and vice versa. If the waste of a corpu- 
lent person is greater than the supply, of course the body becomes less. This is the 
principle upon which they are reduced. They do not, however, lose strength, but the 
reverse, if the waste is caused by exercise, inasmuch as it makes them more spirited, the 
power of the lungs and all the internal organs become greater and the fat less, giving the 
former more room for expansion. It also makes the mind more active and better able to 
bear a strain. Weakness may be caused by reducing the body too rapidly— by , over 
exertion, straining, disease, insufficient nourishment or want of rest. 

For instance, I have said that exercise causes every portion of the system to act 
more rapidly. The digesting process becomes much quicker and the absorbing system 
more ready to take up that which is prepared for it— namely the chyle, which is the 
extract from the digested food, and must contain its same properties. All of which goes 
to show that the substance of what we eat or drink is absorbed into the system to sustain 
life or otherwise. By this you may understand that you cannot obtain good qualities out 
of bad food. Water will not supply you with as much nourishment as milk ; nor turnips 

Coutitttted on next page. 
15 




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Fig. 15. 



FIGURE 16. 

STAND FACING MACHINE (AS CUT.) 

The upper motion develops the muscles from the back of hand down 
upper arm, over shoulder, down back to the small thereof, thence to resist- 
ing muscles of fore part of legs. The lower motion takes the muscles 
leading from the palms of hand to under part of upper arm into chest and 
resisting muscles front of legs. The middle motion takes back of arm 
tricep, trapezium or muscles between shoulders down to small of back, 
front muscles of legs resisting. 

as beans ; nor potatoes as rice ; nor fat meat as lean ; nor chaff as flour, etc. Nor can 
you hope to extract lasting strength from spirits, opium, tobacco, spices, tea, coffee, 
pickles, etc. How is the race horse brought to such perfection ? By trainiug,. meaning 
thereby, "care," constant exercise, plenty of ablutions and rubbing, with good solid food 
of the right kind and proper quantities. It would not do to feed a horse on grass, hay, or 
cut feed, if he had any great amount of work to do. Think of the human being in the 
same way. We could not expect to take five to ten pints of water, beer, coffee, tea, etc., 
with a great quantity of vegetable food, soup, pastry, etc., and be as active, as strong or 
as well as the person who drank one or two pints and ate the proper quantity of plain, 
nourishing food per day. 
16 




FIGURE 16 

(stand with rack to machine as in cut.) 
This is a splendid motion if done properly, taking muscles from the 
hand down and up to the pectoral or chest muscle, at the same time the 
leaning back brings into play ihe abdominal muscles reversing the 
position of the arms, right up and left down at each pull out, always 
changing the arms from up and down in front of the body, letting the 
hands pass close together. 

MORNING RULES. 



Fig. i6. 



By observing these rules the processes of life and its powers of repairing are bene- 
fited, enabling you to obtain and retain health ana keep you in good condition. 

After arising in the morning, first attend to the necessaries of nature, and if nottaking 
a bath rub the body all over with a flesh glove, hair brush, or very rough towel— a piece 
of coarse sacking will answer. Either may be soaked in strong salt water, and hung up 
to dry for use. The latter process hardens the skin. After using gloves or brush, it is 
better to wipe off with a soft towel, always finish by rubbing downwards, as it 
closes the pores. The lower part of the body may be attended to first in winter, 
then don the drawers and socks. A slim person, or one with any ailment of the stomach 
should always protect it with covering, more especially in winter ; to do this tie your 
undershirt around your body part in front, then attend the upper part ; after which put 
on undershirt and bathe well the face, temples and back of the neck in cold water, then 
rub well with towel, especially the back of neck. Water is beneficial, if only weuing one 
end of a towel to rub with, and a bath all over is necessary occasionally. 

An artificial method to awaken and enliven you quickly, or to keep you awake, is 
to inhale freely through the nostrils from a bottle containing a little spirits of camphor 

and ammonia. 

Continued on 7text page, 

17 




FIGURE 17 

These cuts show a skull cap made by me, will 
hold perfectly tight on the head. This device has 
long been wanting forthedevelopment of the head, 
can be used either with pulley weights or bean 
bag. Price $2.00 each. 



Morning Rules. — Cimiinued. 

Next wash the teeth. Dirty teeth cause a bad taste in 
the mouth. The best way to avoid this, and at the same 
time harden the gums, is, in the first place, to have the 
mouth properly cleaned by a dentist, after which wash them 
every night and morning, and when the gums are healthy, 
you can wash them with a brush without bleeding. 

In case of decayed teeth, have them built up or filled, it 
is much better than having them extracted, as false teeth can 
never equal natural ones. 

The causes of waking up with a foul mouth in the morn- 
ing, is more often from neglect to wash the teeth over night 
than from any other cause, thus allowing the small particles 
of food which have lodged between the teeth to become de- 
cayed. 

Continued oji next page. 





Fig. i8. 



FIGURE 18 

Side to machine pulling from straight arm, curling hand round into 
the chest. Is a good chest muscle motion, develops front of deltoid bleep 
and forearm. Should be done about 15 times, with each hand, or more as 
you feel like it. 

Morning Rules. — Continued 
If taking a bath in the morning, as a general rule, the head should be the first part 
wetted. The water should be as cold as it is in summer, and the bath taken quickly. 
Soap may be used under the arm-pits and private parts twice or three times a week in 
summer; but in winter, once in every seven days is enough. Cold water should, at all 
times, be used in summer. If bathing in fresh water for strengthening purposes, the 
body may be afterwards sponged over with salt water, made in the proportion of a cupful 
of salt to a quart of water. This will act as a preventive from catching cold. After bath- 
ing, be sure and rub perfectly dry, which should be done quickly with a soft towel ; or 
cover yourself with a sheet, to remove the drops of water standing on the body ; then rub 
with a dry towel, to remove the dampness remaining ; also a third time with another dry 
towel. Then rub well with the bare hands up and down, but finish by rubbing downwards. 
If in winter, after bathing, be sure and stand on a mat or carpet. When dry, good Bay 
Rum may be applied around the loins, down the spinal column and private parts and may 
be used all over the body in cases of weakness, or as a preventive from catching cold, as 
it stimulates the circulating system, causes more action of the nerves and more heat. 
It is also a remedy for pains in the back. If, however, this cannot be obtained, the best 

Continued on next page. 



IQ 




Fig. 19. 



FIGURE 19 

Stand facing machine, holding handles with thumbs over, back of hands towards 
you, pulling downwards with straight arm by your side, do this about 15 to 20 times 
or more, this exercise develops the tricep muscles of arm, or muscles at back of the 
arm, leading from back of shoulder down the arm at inner and outer part tapering 
off to nothing towards the elbow. 

of other spirits may be used. Bathing should be avoided on a wet or cold windy day, unless prescribed 
by a competent person, as one is more likely to catch cold. Regulate your underclothing according to 
the weather. If damp or windy, warm clothing is needed. Good, thick underclothing will protect 
the body better than an overcoat. 

Before breakfast a little exercise should be taken, to put all the organs of the body in their 
ordinary action and pressure, and drain the receptacles of any sluggish substance that might be lurk- 
ing therein, so that when the stomach receives fuel, it is more ready to act upon it and prepare it for 
distribution with double rapidity, and give you that full glow of life which we all want to feel daily. 
If you do not wish to exercise indoors, dress, and take a walk or attend to business for an hour or so. 
A few minutes' rest, however, is necessary before eating. 

The benefits of exercise ; brightens the eye, quickens the hearing, increases the wind, elevates 
the mind, increases the appetite, causes good digestion and regular action of the bowels, prevents 
sickness and bad vices. All the good qualities which by its means may be secured, certainly make a 
man more fit and able to attend to his ordinary avocation, whatever it be, while at the same time it 
enables him to act with more decision in case of sudden emergency than he otherwise would be. 

To quicken the mind and give power and agility, proper nourishment with good care of the body 
is the only true way. 

"But as a rule, those that have time and wealth, 
Would rather attend their hobby than their health." 
20 




FIGURE 20 

This exercise is a good loin motion, on the left side motion the right 
side is being well exercised the inside of the left arm down to the chest 
and outside of right arm down to the side, when turning to the right the 
muscles taken are on the opposite side. Should be done lo times each 
way or more for strong man, 

TO THE MEDICAL PROFESSION, ATHLETES AND INVALIDS. 



7ig, 20, 



This Machine when put up requires no adjusting. When you get up in the morning 
there it is ready to work at in your night shirt, if you desire, and one minute's pulling 
on the machine will enliven you. 

THIS APPARATUS can be especially arranged so that its employment may 
develop the pectoral, dorsal, and loin muscles. 

If desired, it may be put up with two sets of weights, and may be made serviceable 
to cripples who may operate it while in a recumbent attitude. In the cases of contract- 
ed arms or legs, or where the subject is afflicted with spinal curvature or paralysis, it is 
superior for affording permanent relief to any other plan or process yet invented. 

The virtues of the COLUMBIA PARLOR EXERCISING AND ROWING 
MACHINE in these cases, lie especially in its steady pressure, there being no 
jerking or false motion to shock the person exercising, as where springs or rubber 
are employed. 

21 




Fig. 21. 



FIGURE 21 

Stand with back to machine. This with 
the upper motion, see page lo, is the best 
chest exercise that can be had on the 
Pulley Weights, the leading muscles there- 
from must be brought into play, also the 
bicep and forearm muscle. 

FIGURE 22 

Stand with side to machine. This is a 
good bicep and pectoral motion to up- 
per part of forearm and the upper motion 
for deltoid or shoulder muscle and the 
muscles leading to and including thumb, 
outer motion for grip on the let back, 
this may be done lo times alternately 
each way and lo times extra downwards 
for chest, not upwards. 



:S^) 




Fig. 22. 




Fig. 23. 



FIGURE 23 

Stand facing pulley (see cut) pulling 
both hands towards and by the left side> 
turning body round as much as possible 
without moving the feet. The muscles 
taken are back of left arm running into 
Trapezium muscles and left loin, under 
part of right arm into pectoral. When 
pulling to right side the muscles taken 
are reversed on each arm. 

FIGURF 24 

Side to weights, exercise with arm 
farthest away from machine. Muscles 
developed are from hand down the back 
of forearm to back upper arm, into tra- 
pezium muscle taking right loins. Do 
this about 10 times, first with left arm 
then right. 




-- - -<^. 



Fig. 24. 



23 




Fig- 25. 
(Lower pulley attachment.) 



FIGURE 25 

Take position front of machine sitting 
on the floor, pull up and lay down until 
the hands come over the forehead. This 
motion takes muscles from and in line 
with palm of hand, down forearm to 
biceps or upper arm, over shoulder, down 
to small of back. This is good for 
general exercise, corpulant persons es- 
pecially — also for ladies. 

FIGURE 26 

Rowing Position. — Take a sitting 
position as shown in illustration. Push 
and pull out, bringing the hands in to 
the waist : sliding the seat with the body 
as you push out and let back. This exer- 
cise develops the flexor muscles of the 
arms and the extensor muscles of the legs, 
running down the back from the deltoid, 
trapezium, dorsal and loin muscles, and 
not the chest, as those selling rowing ma- 
chines claim they do. 
24 




Fig. 26. 
(Rowing Box attachment.) 




Fig. 27. 
Rowing Box Attachment. 



FIGURE 27 

Rowing position— finish stroke — this will 
be found a light, pleasant and useful exer- 
cise for ladies and children, especially develop- 
ing the loin, muscles, and strengthening the 
small of the back. 



FIGURE 28 

Take first position as in rowing, with the 
fingernails towards the operator, then raise 
the arms as shown in illustration. Can either 
slide or have seat stationary. This develops 
mostly the forearm, biceps, deltoid, and so 
on down the back as in former exercises with 
this change : it puts the upper muscles of 
the arms mentioned to as great a test as any 
exercise that could be devised for this pur- 
pose. 

25 




Fig, 28. 
Rowing Box Attachment. 




Fig. 29. 



LIFTING MOTION, FIG. 29 

Grasp rowing handle fingers upwards, 
lift up to the chin, so on continue, it may 
be done sitting down on fore part of feet, 
or without bending legs, and with back to 
machine lifting between legs, fingers to- 
wards you, be careful not to fall back- 
wards in the latter position. 



LEG MOTION, FIG. 30 

Take rowing handle from rope and at- 
tach strap there about 2 feet long, take a 
chair to balance by, adjust strap around 
ankle, standing on one foot pull out and 
let back to develop four sides of leg, face 
east, west, north and south, pulling several 
times in each direction, this cut repre- 
sents position exercising front muscles, 
work each leg similar. Perform this 
motion, each direction, about 12 times, 
try to keep the leg stiff. 

26 




Fig. 30. 




Fig. 31. 



FIGURE 31 

Round Shoulders or Spinal Curvature. 
— The illustration represents a boy upon a stool 
exercising for the development of the chest, and 
drawing the shoulders back. This is an excel- 
lent exercise for curvature. 

RUBBER MACHINE. 



FIGURE 32. 
The above is a new invention I devised a 
short time ago, finding that persons objected to 
putting screws in their door, I have put this on 
the market to supply the want. The machine is 
hung on a rod hook which hangs on top of the 
door, and the more you pull the tighter the 
hook fastens. The pulling pressure is with 
rubber straps, three different strengths. Es- 
pecially adapted for travellers and private 
houses. Price $3.50. 
27 




Fig. y^. 



WEI&HT AND MEASUREMENT AS A TEST OF PHYSICAL CONDITION. 



The writer has found, in his experience, that a man's weight, 
in good condition, cannot be accurately judged by the measure- 
ment of his chest alone, and to arrive at a definite conclusion in 
this regard it is necessary to measure also the neck, wrist, ankle and 
chest, as explained in the accompanying table. 

To illustrate the effectiveness of this table, as a guide, atten- 
tion maybe called to the difference, apparent to the most casual 
observer, between a race horse and a draught horse. The latter 
has more muscle, breadth, bone and strength than the race horse 
of the same height and length. The race borse, although standing 
as high and measuring as long as the draught horse, not having 
as large bone cannot carry so much flesh, neither was it intended 
he should. 

A man preparing for a wrestling match, lifting or throwing a 
stone, may be much heavier than one trainingfor any rapid motion, 
as running, fighting, racket or hand-ball. 

Table Showing What a Man Should Weigh When in 
Good Condition. 

Commencing with the measurements at five feet as a rule, 



Measurements. 

H eight 5 Feet. 

Weight 103 Pounds. 

Neck - 12^ Inches. 

Chest, (uninflated,) 32^ " 

Wrist 5>^ 

Ankle 7^ " 

Allowances. 

For every inch in height add i|^ Pounds. 

For every inch around neck add ^ " 

For every inch around chest add I " 

For every J/^ inch around waist add Yz " 

For every Yi inch around ankle add \Yz " 

The above tables will be found accurate and reliable, as they 
have been repeatedly tested by the author, and represent the result 
of his personal observation after having measured over 3,000 men, 
in condition, during his professional career. 

It is not, of course, asserted that a very good condition of 



and then adding additional allowance for extra measurements, as 1 health, may not be enjoyed by some persons whose measurements 



stated in the following table : 

(These measurements should be taken very tight on a corpulent 
and loose on a spare person.) 



do not conform to the above tables, but such persons cannot be re- 
garded as specimens of symmetrical development, or of true 
physical proportion. 



28 



As a guide to those who wish to 
make careful notes of their relative 
condition and to study their physical 
improvement I have arranged the 
following simple table for measure- 
ments, which should be taken with 
the limbs extended and not contract 
ed. 

General shape of body on com- 
mencing should always be made 
note of. For instance, if the right 
hip stands out more than the left ; 
difference in shoulders, if any ; if the 
spinal column is erect ; if the person 
lean forward or back, etc. ; and 
stacement: of their general health. 
Then you can follow a proper course 
of treatment. 



Date. 

Name, 

Age. 

Height in stocking feet. 

Weight without coat and vest. 

Neck below apple. 

Chest contracted, close around under arms and above nipples. 

Chest inflated, " " " " " 

Width of shoulders. 

Upper arm. Right. Straight arm. 

Upper arm. Left. " 

Fore-arm. Right. 

Fore-arm. Left. ' 

Waist. 

Hips. Largest part. 

Thigh, right. Thickest pari. 

Thigh, left. 

Calf. Right. 

Calf. Left. 



20 



The folowing tables I have change from my former 
issue of 1874 (which I notice has been used to a great 
extent by professional men and dealers in general, 
they making a slight change in order to make it appear 
different, the 1874 table being the first introduced to 
the public). The change is to show the three distinct 
weights of athletes. 

rst. Runners, including cross country, hurdle 
jumpers and lacrosse players in good condition. 
Five feet, o inches, 99 to 102 pounds. 
I " ioi>4 to 105X " 

104^ to 108^ " 



Six 



2 
3 

4 

5 
6 

7 
8 

9 
10 
1 1 



108X 

112 

116 

120^ 



to 102^ 
to ii6>4 
to 120^ 
to 12514: 
124^ to 130 
i29>^ to 134/^ 
134 to 139^ 

139K to 145/^ 
144^ to 151 

ISDN's to 157 



The A-i walker or acrobat in good condition should 
weigh a trifle heavier than noted in the above table. 



2d table for fighters, base-ball and foot-ball players, 
gymnasts, swimmers, oarsmen and wrestlers, except 
Greco Roman who will come in the heavy class. 

Five feet, o inches, 102 to 105 pounds. 



1 


a 


io4)4 


to 


I09K 


2 


if 


108^ 


to 


ii3>^ 


3 


(( 


113 


to 


II7M 


4 


u 


"7M 


to 


123 


5 


a 


122^ 


to 


128^ 


6 


u 


128K 


to 


135 


7 


ti 


i34/'2 


to 


142 


8 


u 


141/2 


to 


I49M 


9 


a 


149K 


to 


I58X 


10 


a 


157M 


to 


I67M 


1 1 


a 


167K 


to 


I78K 




a 


17734 


to 


18934 



Six 



3d table for strong men, lifters and dumb bell 
pushers the average is about 10 pounds more all through 
the above table. 



30 



In the preceding tables the height given is to be taken 
in the stocking feet and the weight is given for a per- 
son from 21 years of age to 23 years, after that he will 
increase, if healthy, in the first class i lb., in the second- 
class 2 lbs., and the third-class 3 lbs., every year up to 
38 years when he is up to about his highest weight 
and not more if he takes good care of himself and 
not indulge in liquor, ales, beers, etc If he does 
not take this latter precaution he will increase much 
more, 

A man competing for any of these feats will im- 
mediately see the weight he ought to be within a pound 
or two. 

I have been composing these tables for a long time 
and find them correct. 

A person may commence at less than the lightest 
weight given in either of these tables and if healthy 
and continues to exercise properly, will increase in 
weight from year to year as he grows older, until he 
reaches the heaviest weight given if he be properly 
classified. 



The following cuts show two new devices I have 
arranged for the development of the leg and extension 
of the body, which, I suppose, will be claimed by others 
as have been so many of my inventions. The extensor 
machine (see back cover) I can make in many ways for 
individual use, Gymnasium or Institute, it is not fully 
illustrated in this cut, only sufficient to show it can be 
used for a special purpose. Arrangements will be 
made with any Doctor or Specialist to build them for 
special purposes at reasonable prices, though not with- 
out a deposit. The Tilting Leg Machine we keep con- 
stantly in stock, the price of which will be $8.00. 

Cuts on following pages. 
Figure No. i. — The lower motion of this cut, repre- 
sents a lifting motion and takes the back part of thigh 
mostly or biceps thereof stand as cut represents, with 
back to machine and place heel of foot well under pad- 
ded part of tilter and lift up 8 or 9 times, being very 
careful at first not to do too much as this is as severe a 
motion as can be performed on any apparatus for these 
muscles. 



31 



Remember the fur- 
ther you stand away 

from the machine the 

greater the leverage 

and the test to the 

muscles more severe ; 

in this motion the 

calf is exercised, but 

only moderate in 

comparison to the 

rest of the thigh. 

The downward mo- 
tion of Fig. I is to 

exercise the tendons 

of instep, ankle and 

shin muscles if done 

with bent knee, if 

done with straight 

leg the front thigh is 

effected also and put 

to a severe test. The 

more the toe is used 

and the further you '^' ^" 

stand from the machine the greater test to the muscles. These motions should be performed one after the 
other and with each leg alternately as by doing so the muscles are relieved from severe contraction which might 
occur if the exercise is carried on to excess and not relieved by the alternate exercise which relaxes and draws 
the blood away from opposite muscles of the part of limb exercised. 

32 





Figure No. 2. — This 
exercise is for the develop- 
ment of the calf, the more 
the toe is used the more 
severe the exercise, with 
bare feet is the best, this 
motion should be done 20 
times without letting the 
weight touch the floor. 

Figure No. 3. — Shows 
an exercise for the muscles 
from the heel to the pos- 
terior muscles giving them 
a good test, Stand suf- 
ficient distance away to 
keep the leg straight, this 
you will find rather diffi- 
cult. 

Figure No. 4. — Is to 

exercise the outer muscles 

i-^-^ of the thigh. This is done 

Fig. 3. by standing sideways to 

tne macnine on leg nearest to it and crossing the leg farthest away from the machine laying the outer side 
of that foot down on the rubber parallel therewith and bare downwards raising weights say 10 times or more 
without resting and so on with other leg body reversed while balanced with chair. 

33 





Fig. 4. 



the machine on 




FicuRE No. 5. — Is for the inner mus- 
cles of the leg up to the groin, stand 
sideways well away from the machine 
and with inner part of foot of leg 
nearest machine placed along rubber 
parallel with tilter, pull downwards 
say 12 to 15 times with each leg. 

Figure No. 6. — Shows machine more 
perfect and it is changable by chang- 
ing the attachments of rope frorh front 
to rear so as to lift up or pull down, 
showing foot in the act of lifting up 
or down for calf and shin exercise, 
the downward motion is for the mus- 
cles of bottom of foot up to the calf 
and the upward motion for the shin. 



34 




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Compliete Mammall ®f Biimtoi ' Belli 

AND A KEY TO HEALTH AND STRENGTH. 



Prof. Judd has just y#^'''**\ ils contents, and, by 

finished the best book f \ f""^ '^^ way, those who feel 

ever published in the | ^ V-^^ ^° disposed can send 

world, containing a I .^\^ /• the Prof, a small dona- 

complete treatise on V\ ) \ \ .•/ Y tion every year for the 
how to develope any \\\ j J ! A'/ x*' enormous amount it 

particular muscle of I, >, \ I'jf y ' ^^''^ save them in doc- 

thebody, also a treatise V. "X /^•••'^;>^^._^^*j.^_ tor's bills and the pleas- 
in calesthenic and !■ V."^vi. .-•i'' '^v' Jufe it will give them, 

pulley weight exercise, )', .Vi"r'.'-— -" — "'' "' and for the extra 

concluding with short | amount of money they 

and simple directions I I will be able to make 

for the care of the body \ / through this work en- 

adapted for persons of \ | abling them to enjoy 

sedentary habits. The \ / good health, which is 

general public will do \ ! the pleasure giver of 

well to purchase this \/--^ ''^^■ 

book, keep it by them \. J It is a duty we owe 

and make good use of " ourselves and our 

Maker to p^ive our physical as well as our mental constitution a fair 
chance for growth, health and improvement, for as Thompson sings. 

Ah ! what avail the largest gifts of Heaven, 
When drooping health and spirits go amiss? 

How tasteless then whatever can be given ! 
Health is the vital principle of bliss ; 

And exercise of health. 






.w/. 



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36 



The above cuts show fully some of the 
which are explained in this work giving 
muscles which are developed when performi 



many motions 
the particular 
ng them. 



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SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO THE BUILDING OF 



« Gymnasiums for Colleges, Schools, Clubs, tssociations. Private Dwellings, Etc.,- 



UNDER THE PERSONAL SUPERVISION OF 



101. 103 & 105 WEST 36th STREET, 



:N:Es^s7sr ttoh-is:. 



N. B.— A large and varied assortment of Sporting and Athletic Furnishings always found in stock. 





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